Food for Thought

Examples of counterfeit goods abound, as readers of this blog will note. Now, counterfeiters have set their sites on another target: food. As this article by Katye Martens in the USA Today demonstrates, it is often easy for a food supplier to dilute or lie about a food's content. Examples include using farm-raised salmon as a cheaper substitute for wild salmon, dilution of olive oil with soybean oil or other kinds of oil, and using cane sugar as a substitute for honey.

It's fraud, plain and simple. Fortunately, law enforcement resources are somewhat more abundant in this area, as laws against fake "adulterated" food are enforced by the stern folks at the Food and Drug Administration. Nevertheless, adulteration of food is a serious problem. Read the whole thing.


UPDATE: Environmental Blogger Verda Vido expands on the USA Today article here. She cites the U.S. Food and Drug Administration resources to help determine whether the fish you buy is fake, which can be found here and here. She also provides other helpful links to help determine the purity of honey (very useful) as well as certified suppliers for olive oil, maple syrup and honey. And last but not least, she links to an authentic homebrew recipie for the otherwise frequently faked vanilla extract. Good stuff. Check it out if you get the chance.

Milking Profits from Fakes

Tainted milk from China has sickened more than 53,000 children while killing 12. While a food safety issue for sure, the recent tainted milk scare is likewise a counterfeit issue. These evil counterfeiters dilute the milk and add industrial chemical melamine to cover their tracks. Milk tainted with melamine masks dilution by tricking protein detectors into detecting the right amount of protein in the milk. Unfortunately, ingestion of melamine causes kidney failure in babies. Parents think they are buying "real milk" for their children, but are instead buying counterfeit milk.

As with many other industries, milk is a good where counterfeiters flourish due to the large payoff and small risks of detection and punishment. Bee Wilson explains in this New York Times Op-Ed piece that the milk tampering problem today in China is in some ways an echo of 19th century New York City. Lack of refrigeration and high demand in densely urban New York gave rise to temptations to dilute milk and cover up the tampering with flour - or worse. The deaths from bad milk sparked a movement that ultimately led to government reform and the establishment of oversight agencies. The American food supply chain, while not perfect, is a heck of a lot better today because of the reforms.

Many of the same conditions occur in China today. Chinese regulatory agencies are still nascent, and are often easily bought off. Children are dying. Popular rage is simmering. But perhaps like 19th century New York, the recent scandals could spark reforms necessary to safeguard the food supply chain from counterfeiters.

Excellent and fascinating piece. Read the whole thing.

Food Adulteration

Radio Mensa offers this podcast about the history of food adulteration, a sibling of today's counterfeiting. The podcast focuses on 19th century Britain, where the foolishly class-obsessed masses aspired "to eat the white bread of the rich and to feed their children an array of multi-colored candies once the preserve of the wealthy, but where almost no one asks how their bread could be so cheap yet so white or why their children's sweets can be colored in shades not known to nature."

Consuming the counterfeits of such luxuries was often fatal. Adulteration of beer was also a major problem, and it wasn't until after 1820 when the Western World made a concerted effort to combat the "swindlers" of food adulteration.